Ukwakheka kwe-sludge kuyinkimbinkimbi, kunemithombo ehlukahlukene kanye nezinhlobo.Njengamanje, izindlela eziyinhloko zokulahla udaka emhlabeni indawo yokulahla udaka, ukushiswa kodaka, ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yomhlaba, nezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ezibanzi.Izindlela eziningi zokulahla zinezinzuzo kanye nokuhluka kwazo ekusetshenzisweni, kanye nokushiyeka okuhlobene.Isibonelo, indawo yokulahla udaka izoba nezinkinga ezinjengokucinana kwemishini okunzima, ukwelapha okunzima kokuhlunga, kanye nokungcoliswa kwephunga elibi;ukushiswa kodaka kunezinkinga ezifana nokusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwamandla, izindleko zokwelashwa eziphezulu, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamagesi e-dioxin ayingozi;Ukusetshenziswa ukubhekana nezinkinga ezifana nomjikelezo omude nendawo enkulu.Sekukonke, ukugcwaliseka kokungabi nabungozi kodaka, ukuncishiswa, ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza, kanye nokwelashwa kokuzinzisa kuyinkinga yemvelo edinga ukubhekwana nayo njalo futhi ithuthukiswe.
Ubuchwepheshe be-sludge aerobic composting:
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ubuchwepheshe bokwenza umquba we-sludge aerobic busetshenziswe ekulahleni udaka.Ubuchwepheshe bokwelapha obuphelele obungenabungozi, obunciphisa umthamo, futhi obunzinzisa udaka.Ngenxa yezindlela zayo eziningi zokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo evutshiwe (ukusetshenziswa komhlaba wamahlathi, ukusetshenziswa kwendawo, inhlabathi embozwe imfucumfucu, njll.), izindleko eziphansi zokutshalwa kwezimali kanye nokusebenza, Uhlu Olubanzi lwezicelo kanye nezinye izici ezithinteka kakhulu.Kunezinqubo ezintathu ezijwayelekile zokuhlanganisa, okuyilezi: uhlobo lokupakisha, uhlobo lomgqomo/umkhombe, kanye ne-reactor.Isimiso esiyisisekelo ukuthi umphakathi we-microbial ubola futhi uguqule izinto eziphilayo ezisogwini zibe yi-carbon dioxide, amanzi, i-inorganic matter, kanye ne-biological cell matter ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele zezakhi, umswakama kanye nomoya wokuphefumula, ukukhulula amandla ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi kuthuthukiswe okuqinile. udoti esitebeleni.Humus, thuthukisa okuqukethwe komanyolo we-sludge.
Izidingo eziyisisekelo zokuhlanganisa i-sludge composting:
Kunemithombo eminingi yodaka, kodwa eminye ayifaneleki njengezinto ezingavuthiwe zokuvundisa.Okokuqala, kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nemibandela elandelayo:
1. Okuqukethwe kwensimbi esindayo akudluli izinga;2. Iyakwazi ukubola;3. Okuqukethwe kwe-organic matter angeke kube phansi kakhulu, okungenani kube ngaphezu kwama-40%.
Umgomo wezobuchwepheshe wokuhlanganisa i-sludge composting:
Umgomo inqubo yokuthobisa udoti oqinile wezinto eziphilayo ngokwenza ama-microorganisms e-aerobic ngaphansi kwezimo ze-aerobic.Kule nqubo, izinto ezincibilikayo ku-sludge zimuncwa ngokuqondile ama-microorganisms ngokusebenzisa izindonga zamaseli kanye nolwelwesi lwamaseli we-microorganisms;okwesibili, izinto eziphilayo ze-colloidal ezingancibiliki zikhangiswa ngaphandle kwamagciwane, zibola zibe izinto ezincibilikayo ngama-enzyme e-extracellular akhiqizwe ama-microorganisms, abese efakwa kumaseli.Ama-microorganisms enza i-catabolism kanye ne-anabolism ngemisebenzi yawo yempilo ye-metabolic, akhiphe ingxenye yento ephilayo emuncwe ibe yizinto ezilula, futhi akhulule amandla adingekayo emisebenzini yokukhula kwezinto eziphilayo;hlanganisa enye ingxenye yento ephilayo ibe izinto ezintsha zamangqamuzana, ukuze Ukukhula nokuzalana kwe-microorganism, ikhiqize izinto eziphilayo ezengeziwe.
I-Hybrid preprocessing:
Lungisa usayizi wezinhlayiyana, umswakama, nesilinganiso se-carbon-nitrogen yezinto, bese wengeza amabhaktheriya ngesikhathi esifanayo ukukhuthaza inqubekelaphambili esheshayo yenqubo yokuvutshelwa.
Ukuvutshelwa okuyisisekelo (i-composting):
Ukubola izinto eziguquguqukayo kudoti, bulala amaqanda e-parasite kanye nama-microorganisms e-pathogenic, futhi ufeze inhloso yokungabi nangozi.Lapho umswakama uncishisiwe, i-organic matter iyabola futhi ifakwe amaminerali ukuze kukhululwe i-N, P, K, nezinye izakhi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, izakhiwo ze-organic material ziyaxega futhi zihlakazeke.
Ukuvutshelwa kwesibili (kubolile):
Udoti oqinile wezinto eziphilayo emva kokuvutshelwa komquba wokuqala awukafiki ekuvuthweni futhi udinga ukuqhubeka nokuvutshelwa kwesibili, okungukuthi, ukuguga.Inhloso yokuguga iwukuqhubeka nokubola, ukuzinzisa kanye nokomisa okusele okusele ku-macromolecular organic matter ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zenqubo yokukhiqiza umanyolo elandelayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-22-2022