Ibhaktheriya yokuvutshelwa komquba iwuhlobo oluyinhlanganisela olukwazi ukubola ngokushesha izinto eziphilayo futhi lunobuhle bokwengezwa okuncane, ukuwohloka kwamaprotheni aqinile, isikhathi esifushane sokuvutshelwa, izindleko eziphansi, kanye nezinga lokushisa elingenamkhawulo lokuvutshelwa.Ibhaktheriya yokuvutshelwa komquba ingabulala ngempumelelo izinto ezivutshiwe, amagciwane ayingozi, izinambuzane, amaqanda, imbewu yotshani, nezinsalela zama-antibiotic ezonakele.Inezici zokuzalanisa ngokushesha, amandla aqinile, ukuphepha, kanye nokungabi nobuthi.
Amabhaktheriya okuvundisa komquba aqukethe ukugcwala okuphezulu kwama-microorganisms azuzisayo angenayo i-pathogenic futhi anezela izinhlobonhlobo zama-enzyme ezingabola izinto ezihlukahlukene ze-macromolecular.Ama-microorganisms kulo mkhiqizo ayakwazi ukukhiqiza ama-enzyme okugaya ngesikhathi sokwenza umquba ukuze aphule izinto eziphilayo emqubeni ovutshiwe.Lo mkhiqizo ogxilile wengezwa enqubweni yokwenza umquba ukuze ungezelele amagciwane okuqala futhi uqinise ukubola kwezinto eziphilayo ukuze kukhiqizwe umquba womquba ophuma kudoti kamasipala, udaka lwamanzi angcolile, kanye nemfucumfucu eqinile.
Indlela yokusebenza yamabhaktheriya abilisiwe:
Ngaphansi kwezimo ze-aerobic, i-organic matter encibilikayo entweni yomquba imuncwa i-microorganism ngodonga lweseli kanye nolwelwesi lwamaseli we-microorganism;i-organic and colloidal organic matter kuqala inamathela ngaphandle kwe-microorganism, futhi i-microorganism ikhiqiza ama-enzyme e-extracellular ukuze ibole ibe yinto encibilikayo bese ingena emangqamuzaneni.Ngemisebenzi yawo ye-metabolic, ama-microorganisms afaka ingxenye yento ephilayo entweni elula ye-organic futhi akhulule amandla, ukuze enye ingxenye ye-organic matter isetshenziselwe ukuhlanganisa ingqamuzana le-microorganism uqobo futhi inikeze amandla adingekayo emisebenzini ehlukahlukene ye-physiology. microorganism ukuze umzimba ukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi evamile.Ukukhula nokukhiqiza ukuze kugcinwe ukuqhubeka kwempilo.
Ama-microorganisms kumquba akhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu ngesikhathi sokubola ukuze kushise umquba.Lokhu kushisa okuphezulu kuyadingeka ukuze ukubola ngokushesha, futhi kunomthelela ekubhujisweni kwembewu yotshani bokhula, izibungu zezinambuzane, amagciwane ayingozi, njll., futhi kungavimbela ukuzalanisa kwezifo ezithile, ukuvimbela lezi zifo ekukhiqizeni amagciwane ayingozi futhi kuvimbele ukukhula okuvamile. zezitshalo.
Ukwengezwa kwezitshalo ezincane ezibilayo kukhulisa izinga nokusebenza kahle kokubola ngoba lezi zitshalo ziyingxube egxile kakhulu yamagciwane kanye nesikhunta esihloliwe, safuywa, sakhuliswa, futhi sathuthukiswa.Lezi zinhlobo zikhethelwa ukuphila nokukhiqiza kangcono, kuyilapho kukhiqizwa ama-enzyme azobola udoti wezinto eziphilayo, ngaleyo ndlela kusheshiswe ukubola kwezinto eziphilayo ngesikhathi senqubo yokwenza umquba.
Umqondo ojwayelekile wokubola kwamaseli e-lignocellulosic uwukuvula kuqala ukwakheka kwe-fibrous ukwenza ushukela utholakale kumetabolism ngama-microorganisms ahlukene.Ama-microorganisms asebenzisa ama-cellulase, ama-xylanase, ama-amylase, ama-protease, ama-enzyme aphula i-lignin, njll. ukuze akhulule ushukela ube umquba ovela ku-cellulose, i-hemicellulose, amaprotheni, isitashi, namanye ama-carbohydrate.Ukukhula kwamagciwane okuhlosiwe kumquba kuyaqiniswa, okungavimbela ngokuphumelelayo ukukhula kwamabhaktheriya ahlukahlukene, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele ukukhiqizwa kwezinto eziyingozi ezifana nephunga kanye namagciwane e-pathogenic.
Umsebenzi:
1. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, umphumela osheshayo, isikhathi esifushane sokuvutshelwa.
I-composting fermentation strain iyi-bacterium esebenza ngokushesha esebenza ngokushesha, engenza izinga lokushisa lomquba likhuphuke ngokushesha, livubele futhi libole ngokushesha futhi ngokugcwele, futhi lingabola ngokuphelele ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-10-15 (ukulungiswa ngokuvumelana izinga lokushisa le-ambient).
2. Cindezela amagciwane futhi ubulale izinambuzane.
Ngokuqhubekayo izinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokulinganisela kwe-microbial, amagciwane ayingozi, izinambuzane, amaqanda ezinambuzane, imbewu yotshani, nezinye izinambuzane zezitshalo emqubeni zibulawa ngokushesha futhi ngokuphelele, futhi amagciwane e-pathogenic ayavinjelwa ukuba aphinde azale.
3. Isiqedaphunga.
Amabhaktheriya e-compost fermentation angabola izinto eziphilayo, ama-organic sulfide, i-organic nitrogen, njll. akhiqiza igesi engcolile, futhi avimbele ukukhula kwama-microorganisms abolayo, okwenza ngcono kakhulu indawo yendawo.
4. Ukunothisa izakhi.
Enqubweni yokwenza umquba, imisoco yokuvundisa kwamagciwane ashintshayo asuke esimweni esingasebenzi kanye nesimo sokusebenza kancane aye esimweni esisebenzayo kanye nesimo sokusebenza ngokushesha;ukwakha i-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) impahla yemvelo enekhono elihle kakhulu lokumunca amanzi kanye nezakhiwo ezimanzisa ukuvimbela umanyolo namanzi ukuthi angaboli.Iba ifilimu yokuvikela yemvelo enhle yomhlabathi, ukufeza ukunothisa izakhi.
5. Izindleko eziphansi kanye nomphumela omuhle.
Imishini ilula, ithatha indawo encane, inezinhlobonhlobo zemithombo yezinto ezingavuthiwe, futhi inomjikelezo omfushane.Ngemva kokuba umquba usuvuthwe ngokugcwele, inani elikhulu lezitshalo ze-probiotic likhiqizwa, elithuthukisa inhlabathi futhi lithuthukise ukumelana nezitshalo.
6. Izinga lokuhluma.
Izinga lokuhluma kwembewu emva komquba ovuthiwe likhuphuka kakhulu.
7. Ububanzi besicelo.
Ukuvutshelwa komquba we-sawdust, ukuvutshelwa kwe-compost fermentation, imithi yendabuko yamaShayina insalela umquba ukuvutshelwa, ukuvutshelwa komquba wenkukhu, ukuvutshelwa komquba wezimvu, ukuvutshelwa komquba we-corn straw, ukuvutshelwa komquba kakolweni, ukuvutshelwa kwe-compost fermentation, ukuvutshelwa kwe-compost fermentation , udaka Ukuvutshelwa komquba, njll.
Ukwelashwa kwemfucuza yezolimo (umquba, umanyolo owuketshezi), ukwelashwa kwemfucuza yasekhishini, utshani bezitshalo obuhlukahlukene, imivini yemelon, imfuyo, nomquba wezinkukhu, amaqabunga nokhula, insalela ye-bran uviniga, insalela yewayini, insalela kaviniga, insalela yesoso yesoya. , ikhekhe likabhontshisi wesoya, i-slag, ama-powder dregs, i-bean curd dregs, i-bone meal, i-bagasse, nokunye okulahlwayo kuguqulwa ngokushesha kube umanyolo we-bio-organic.
Iziphakamiso zokukhetha umhluzi wokuvutshelwa:
a.Ukulungiswa kwenhlanganisela yamabhaktheriya amaningi kungcono kunokulungiswa kwebhaktheriya elilodwa.Kalula nje, isibonelo, amalungiselelo aqukethe amagciwane e-lactic acid, i-Bacillus, yeast, amagciwane e-photosynthetic, namanye ama-multi-bacteria ngokuvamile angcono kunamalungiselelo okuvutshelwa aqukethe ibhaktheriya eyodwa kuphela (njenge-Bacillus).
b.Amalungiselelo oketshezi ngokuvamile angcono kunamalungiselelo aqinile.Ngokuphathelene nobuchwepheshe bamanje bokulungiselela ama-microbial, ngemva kokuba amanye ama-microorganisms enziwe abe yisimo esiqinile (i-powder), ubungqabavu babo abukwazi ukugcinwa noma ukubuyiselwa.
c.Khetha amalungiselelo angadingi ukwenza kusebenze okuyinkimbinkimbi.Uma udinga ukulungisa isisombululo sokwenza kusebenze, futhi ukusebenza kunzima, akunconywa ukukusebenzisa.Ngenxa yokuthi ukusebenza kwendawo ngokuvamile kuvame ukusetshenziswa ngokuqondile "abasebenzi bokukhiqiza", ukusebenza "kokuvula" akulungile, futhi umphumela wokugcina awuwona "ocushiwe" we-fermentation inoculum, kodwa ibhakede "lamanzi ashukela".
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-29-2022